Bait and Switch Pricing

EU-wide online platform routing disputes between EU consumers and traders to the correct national ADR body. Free. Works for all 27 EU member states plus Norway, Iceland and Liechtenstein. All EU traders must display link to this platform.

International platform operated by FTC with 35+ ICPEN member countries. Specifically for cross-border online fraud, scams and seller deception. Reports shared with enforcement agencies in all member countries including CZ, US, UK, AU, CA, JP, KR.

Austria's primary consumer protection body within the Chamber of Labour. Provides free legal advice and processes consumer disputes. Can take collective legal action on behalf of consumers.

Australia's primary consumer protection and competition regulator. Enforces Australian Consumer Law (ACL) mandatory guarantees for goods and services. Investigates unfair contract terms and misleading conduct.

Brazil's consumer protection system. Use consumidor.gov.br (national portal) — 80%+ of registered companies respond. Each state has its own PROCON. Covers goods, services, financial, telecom, and digital products under Consumer Defence Code (CDC).

Consumer protection authority for British Columbia. Handles online retail disputes, travel agencies, telemarketing, and debt collection. Each province also has its own consumer affairs office.

Swiss consumer protection authority. Handles complaints about goods, online commerce and misleading advertising. Switzerland is not EU member so EU ODR does not apply; use national ADR bodies.

China's market regulator enforcing consumer rights. National consumer hotline 12315 (also app/website). Handles product safety, false advertising, e-commerce fraud. Accepts complaints against Chinese sellers and platforms (Alibaba, JD, Pinduoduo).

Primary Czech consumer protection authority. Inspects and fines traders for quality, safety, e-commerce and digital product violations. Acts as Czech ECC partner for EU cross-border cases.

Free EU network service helping Czech consumers resolve cross-border disputes with EU/EEA traders. Mediates with foreign ECCs and the EU ODR platform. Ideal first stop for Czech claimant vs. any EU-based company.

Germany's universal consumer arbitration board (Universalschlichtungsstelle). Handles disputes not covered by sectoral ADR bodies. EU ODR platform partner. Free for consumers.

Spain's Consumer Arbitration System — free, binding ADR for consumer disputes. Local Juntas Arbitrales handle claims. Also file via municipal OMIC (Oficina Municipal de Información al Consumidor).

French consumer and fraud control authority. Investigates unfair commercial practices, product safety and online fraud. Consumer-facing reporting via SignalConso portal.

UK's primary consumer and competition authority. Investigates subscription traps, fake reviews, unfair terms. Enforcement only — does not resolve individual complaints. Report issues to build enforcement cases.

Apex consumer forum for disputes above ₹1 crore. State Commissions handle ₹1–10 lakh to ₹1 crore; District Forums below ₹1 lakh. All filings via eDaakhil portal. Covers goods, services, financial products, housing.

Italy's competition and consumer protection authority. Investigates unfair commercial practices, misleading advertising and e-commerce violations. Consumer complaints via online portal.

Japan's primary consumer affairs centre. Provides ADR (alternate dispute resolution), consumer advice and processes complaints against businesses. National consumer hotline: dial 188.

Korea's national consumer agency. Handles all consumer complaints via hotline 1372. Provides counselling, mediation and class action support. Operates International Consumer Consultation Centre for cross-border disputes.

Mexico's consumer protection prosecutor. Handles all consumer complaints including online shopping, defective goods, telecom billing and travel. Can mediate, sanction and publish 'Quién es quién' rankings.

Dutch consumer, competition and telecom regulator. Enforces consumer rights, telecommunications regulation and digital market rules. EU CPC network member for cross-border enforcement.

Norway's consumer authority. Enforces marketing and contract rules, monitors e-commerce and digital services. For individual dispute resolution, use the Consumer Council (Forbrukerrådet).

NZ consumer protection information and dispute resolution. Consumer Guarantees Act and Fair Trading Act apply. Disputes Tribunal handles claims up to NZD $30,000.

Poland's consumer protection and competition authority. Handles market abuse complaints and individual consumer disputes via free ADR network. EU CPC member for cross-border cases.

Sweden's national consumer ombudsman board. Provides free ADR for most consumer disputes. Decisions not legally binding but companies usually comply. Covers goods, services, digital products, travel, telecom.

Singapore's primary consumer advocacy and ADR organisation. Operates CaseTrust accreditation. Mediates consumer-business disputes. For e-commerce fraud also use Small Claims Tribunal.

Primary US consumer protection and antitrust regulator. Accepts complaints about fraud, deceptive practices, identity theft and digital/software violations. Uses reports to target enforcement — does not resolve individual disputes.

South Africa's national consumer protection body under the Consumer Protection Act 68 of 2008. Handles complaints against suppliers. Can investigate, mediate and refer to National Consumer Tribunal.